The study of the social transformation in Arab societies, specifically in the following areas: the economy, class divisions, religion, kinship, and the impact of transformations in the public sphere on social structures. The study of conflicts between state and society, secularism and religious authority, urban and rural communities, the Arab majority and ethnic minorities. Study of the manifestation of and theories of development and underdevelopment. The study of development policies. their application in Arab countries, as well as their social, economic and political consequences.
